13 January 2024

Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment of Sinusitis

Sinuses are small cavities connected through air passages within the bones of the skull.

Sinuses produce mucus that functions to filter bacteria and other particles in the inhaled air, as well as to help control the temperature and humidity of the air.

There are 4 types of sinusitis classified based on the duration of inflammation:

1. Acute Sinusitis Inflammation of the sinuses that lasts about 2 to 4 weeks. This is the most common type of sinusitis.

2. Subacute Sinusitis Inflammation of the sinuses that lasts about 4 to 12 weeks.

3. Chronic Sinusitis Inflammation of the sinuses that lasts more than 12 weeks, which can last for months or even years.

4. Recurrent Sinusitis Inflammation of the sinuses that occurs 3 or more times in a year.

The cause of sinusitis is allergies or microbial infections, such as bacteria and viruses, that occur around these small cavities. Consequently, the sinuses produce a large amount of mucus, leading to blockages. Other causes include respiratory tract disorders, especially around the nose, such as nasal polyps and deviated nasal septum.

Symptoms of Sinusitis:

• Pain in the facial area, especially when bending down
• Nasal congestion, making it difficult for the sufferer to breathe
• Pressure in the ears
• Bad breath
• Fever
• Thick, yellowish-green discharge from the nose
• Impaired sense of smell

Self-Care for Sinusitis:

• Apply a warm compress to the area around the nose and sinuses
• Drink warm water
• Avoid allergy triggers, such as cigarette smoke and alcohol consumption
• Keep the air around you moist by using a humidifier
• Inhale warm steam
• Use decongestant sprays for a short period, under 1 week

It is important to remember that self-care for sinusitis is only to alleviate pain, not to cure it. If symptoms do not improve, you should see a doctor for medical treatment.

Reviewed by: Dr. Innosensius Ibnu Ishwara, M.K.K.

Source: Siloam Hospital Health Article

Photo: freepik.com