16 July 2024

Asthma

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by shortness of breath caused by inflammation and narrowing of the airways.

Asthma patients have more sensitive airways compared to normal individuals. The muscles in their airways stiffen, causing the airways to narrow, and mucus production increases.

According to a 2018 report by the Indonesian Ministry of Health, approximately 2.4% of the Indonesian population suffers from asthma. Meanwhile, WHO data from 2019 reported that 262 million people worldwide have asthma, with asthma-related deaths reaching 461,000 annually.

Although the exact cause of asthma remains unclear, several common triggers include:

• Cigarette smoke

• Dust

• Animal fur

• Cold air

• Viral infections

• Exposure to chemicals

These triggers can lead to symptoms in asthma patients such as difficulty breathing, dry cough, wheezing, and chest pain or tightness.

Treatment and Prevention of Asthma Attacks:
The goal is to alleviate asthma symptoms, prevent recurrence, and reduce swelling and narrowing in the airways. Treatments may include medications such as beta-agonists, asthma inhalers, nebulization, or oral medications.

While asthma attacks are challenging to prevent entirely, several measures can help minimize the risk, such as:

• Regular influenza and pneumonia vaccinations

• Identifying and avoiding triggers that cause asthma symptoms

• Consulting a doctor if symptoms persist despite treatment

Reviewed by: dr. Innosensius Ibnu Ishwara, M.K.K.

Source: Alodokter Health Article

Photo: freepik.com