18 December 2023

Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever, or more commonly known as typhoid, is an acute illness caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi.

These bacteria are usually found in contaminated water or food. Additionally, the bacteria can also be transmitted from an infected person.

Once you are infected, the body typically experiences various early signs and symptoms such as:

1. Fever that increases daily to reach 39–40 degrees Celsius
2. Headache
3. Weakness and fatigue
4. Muscle pain
5. Sweating
6. Dry cough
7. Loss of appetite and weight loss
8. Abdominal pain
9. Diarrhea or constipation
10. Skin rash

The cause of typhoid fever is the bacterium Salmonella typhi. This bacterium is usually spread through:

1. Feces and urine of infected individuals contaminating water or food
2. Direct contact with an infected person (e.g., food preparation by someone experiencing typhoid fever)

Antibiotics are the only most effective treatment for typhoid fever. Additionally, some measures can be taken:

1. Drink enough water: Drinking water during typhoid helps prevent dehydration caused by prolonged fever and diarrhea. In cases of severe dehydration, doctors will provide fluids through an IV
2. Bed rest: To recover quickly, total rest is crucial for the healing process of this illness
3. Eat easily digestible food: Typhoid affects the intestines, so it is recommended to eat easily digestible foods, such as porridge and other soft foods

Preventive Measures:

1. Maintain hygiene: One of the preventive measures is to wash hands regularly.
2. Avoid contact with sick people: Bacteria can easily spread from one person to another. Therefore, avoid close contact with someone who is sick.
3. Typhoid vaccine: One way to prevent typhoid fever is through the typhoid vaccine.
4. Consume clean food and drinks: Eating cooked and hot-served food is much better than raw or undercooked food.
5. Do not prepare/serve food while still sick: Ensure complete recovery before preparing or serving food to prevent spreading or infecting others with typhoid fever.

Reviewed by : Dr. Innosensius Ibnu Ishwara, M.K.K.

Source : Unud Hospital Health Article

Photo : freepik.com