02 September 2025

Understanding Heart Failure

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms and physical signs caused by the heart's inability to meet the body's blood supply demands due to structural or functional abnormalities.

Risks and Causes of Heart Failure:

  • Heart rhythm disorders

  • Heart muscle disorders or cardiomyopathy

  • Heart infections or myocarditis

  • Damaged heart valves

  • Coronary heart disease

  • Congenital heart disease

  • Lack of red blood cells or anemia

  • Having health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, or thyroid disease

The risk of heart failure is also high among individuals with high blood pressure, undergoing certain treatments, obesity or being overweight, and having an unhealthy lifestyle, such as lack of exercise, smoking, and consuming junk food.

 

Symptoms of Heart Failure:

  • Shortness of breath, especially worsening with activity

  • Extreme weakness or fatigue to the point of being unable to perform daily activities

  • Swelling in the legs, including feet and ankles (edema)

  • Rapid heartbeat, more than 120 beats per minute at rest (palpitations)

  • Frequently waking up at night due to shortness of breath

  • Confusion or feeling restless

  • Nighttime coughing

  • Chest pain

 

Reviewed by: dr. Widi Angga Kusuma, M.K.K.

Source: Siloam Hospital Health Article

Photo: freepik.com

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